-ing形式的词处于主语位置的话,也不再叫分词了, 而叫动名词,就是说它有动词性质也有名词性质,所以是可以做主语的。
作主语补语的分词
现在分词和过去分词都可用在 is,was,grow,feel这类系动词后作补语(亦称表语)。由于它们修饰解释主语,可以称作主语补语(Subjective Complements),它们已失去动词的特点,后面不能跟宾语或补语:
It is interesting (or charming,astonishing,exciting).(这些表示情绪的现在分词这里用作纯粹的形容词,尽管看起来像谓语动词,却不是谓语动词。)
He was interested (or charmed,astonished,excited).(这些表示情绪的过去分词,这里也是用作纯粹的形容词。)
She is very(or greatly) delighted(or disgusted,concerned,pleased).(带有表示程度的副词)
He felt interested (or charmed,astonished,excited,an- noyed,assured).
He appears(or seems)pretending(or sparing,unthinking,grasping,forbidding).(还有少数其他现在分词,也可用作纯粹的形容词,不是作谓语动词。)
It looks decayed(or withered,rotten,sunken).
He remains unsatisfied;the matter remains unsettled and untouched.
His illness continued unchanged.
He became excited(or discouraged).
He got scolded.
He grew tired of life.
The situation proves encouraging
什么时候用分词短语作主语
分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。
具体地说,主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语,则很容易了解主语补足语。
主动语态中的宾语补足语,可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。
They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作为宾语补足语)
转化为被动语态The boy was caught stealing. (stealing转化为主语补足语)
宾语补足语:即现在分词补充说明宾语主动或者正在进行的动作。
I hear Mary singing in the room. 宾语Mary正在唱歌
主语补足语:即现在分词补充主语主动或者正在进行的动作。
Mary is heard singing in the room. 主语Mary正在唱歌
感官动词 feel,hear,listen to,see,watch,notice,observe,look at及 find 等词可以接现在分词短语作主语补足语,比如
The next morning she found the man lying in bed, dead.
The next morning the man was found lying in bed, dead.